&NewLine;<&excl;-- WP QUADS Content Ad Plugin v&period; 2&period;0&period;95 -->&NewLine;<div class&equals;"quads-location quads-ad1" id&equals;"quads-ad1" style&equals;"float&colon;left&semi;margin&colon;0px 0px 0px 0&semi;">&NewLine;&NewLine;<&sol;div>&NewLine;<p>A production function indicates the highest output Y that a firm can produce for specific combination of input&period; We have many factors of production used as inputs but for simplicity we will focus only on labor and capital as a factor of production&period; Keeping this assumption we can write the production function as &colon;<&sol;p>&NewLine;<p align&equals;"center"><strong>Y&equals;F&lpar;K&comma;L&rpar;<&sol;strong>&nbsp&semi;<&sol;p>&NewLine;<p align&equals;"left">This equation shows that the output Y&comma; relates to the quantities of inputs of Capital K&comma; and Labor L&period; Additionally it is important to know that Inputs and Outputs are both <strong>FLOWS&period; <&sol;strong><&sol;p>&NewLine;<h2>The Short Run Versus the Long Run<&sol;h2>&NewLine;<h3><&sol;h3>&NewLine;<h3>SHORT RUN&colon;<&sol;h3>&NewLine;<p> It takes time for firms to increase their output&period; Probably because they would require new plants to build or add extra machinery and some other capital&nbsp&semi; &excl; And such activities can easily take a year or more to complete&period; As a result firm do have constraints for many reasons when thinking about increasing their production&period; Such a constraint in a factor of production that remains fixed or cannot be changed is considered to be the SHORT RUN period of a firm&period; That unchangeable factor is called the FIXED INPUT&period;<&sol;p>&NewLine;<p> &lbrack;large&rsqb;<&sol;p>&NewLine;<h3>LONG-RUN&colon;<&sol;h3>&NewLine;<p> It is a period when a firm is able to change all of its factor of production easily&period; Or the amount of time needed to make all production inputs variable&period; Now there is no hard and fast rule for distinguishing the short run and long run&period; In fact it depends on case to case basis&period; Additionally &comma; we must also keep in mind that in the long run firms can vary the amount of their input to minimize the cost of production&period; <&sol;p>&NewLine;<&excl;-- WP QUADS Content Ad Plugin v&period; 2&period;0&period;95 -->&NewLine;<div class&equals;"quads-location quads-ad2" id&equals;"quads-ad2" style&equals;"float&colon;none&semi;margin&colon;0px 0 0px 0&semi;text-align&colon;center&semi;">&NewLine;&NewLine;<&sol;div>&NewLine;&NewLine;<&excl;-- WP QUADS Content Ad Plugin v&period; 2&period;0&period;95 -->&NewLine;<div class&equals;"quads-location quads-ad3" id&equals;"quads-ad3" style&equals;"float&colon;none&semi;margin&colon;0px&semi;">&NewLine;&NewLine;<&sol;div>&NewLine;&NewLine;

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Marjan Arbab

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