Suicide is an act of killing oneself. Suicide is committed by human beings intentionally. An individual commits suicide in the conditions of mental disorders such as tension, frustration, depression, anxiety and stress etc. On the other hand, the social disorders are also playing roles in increasing the rate of suicide attempts. Poverty, illiteracy, hunger, injustice and crimes are forms of social problems which are responsible for suicide attempts. Well known social scientist Emile Durkheim categorized suicide into three forms which are: Altruistic, Anomic and Egoistic suicide.
Altruistic Suicide
According to Durkheim, Altruistic suicide is the type of a suicide in which a person kills himself or herself for the wellbeing of others. This form of suicide is common in wars, prisons and protests etc. It has been seen that most of the time people commit suicide to fulfill their demands. Hence, in the altruistic suicide, the suicide victim does not get benefits but his or her followers get the results.
Anomic Suicide
Anomic suicide is another type of suicide in which a man commits suicide because of social disorders. For example, if a man becomes poor over a night in business loss, he/she commits suicide because he/she cannot bear the poverty or new social status in the society. Anomic suicide is common in now days. Following are some examples of anomic suicide act.
- A man commits suicide because of failure to secure a job.
- A man commits suicide after the death of beloved one.
- One commits suicide because he/she cannot fulfill the demands of life.
- A person commits suicide because he/she cannot get proper sexual satisfaction etc.
Egoistic Suicide
Isn’t Durkheim selling iamiitton as a cause of suicide short here? By the time he’s writing the ‘jungen Werther’ copycat suicides had come and gone (though the discussion of the Werther effect would come only come much later). They can’t function as the sole or even the majority cause of suicide, but they certainly form significant statistical blips.